Fansa da Hadaya

Abu na farko : Fansa

Bayanin Mece ce fansa

Na farko : Fansar Barin Wajibi

Wanda duk ya bar wajibi daga cikin wajiban aikin hajji, kamar wanda ya bar kwanan Muzdalifa, ko aski, da sauransu, to fansa ta kama shi, ita ce yanka.

Zubar jini shi ne yanka raqumi ko taguwa, ko yanka saniya, ko akuya/bunsuru ‹yar shekara xaya [Akuya wadda ta cika shekara xaya], ko tunkiya/rago mai wata shida [Tunkiya/rago wadda ya cika wata shida] , zai yanka a haramin Makkah, ya raba wa talakawan wurin.

Idan bai samu ba sai ya yi azumin kwana goma, uku a kwanakin aikin hajji, bakwai kuma idan ya dawo wurin iyalansa.

Allah Maxaukakin Sarki ya ce, “Wanda ba samu fansa ba, to ya yi azumin kwana uku a hajji, bakwai idan kun dawo, kwana goma kenan cikakku. Wannan hukunci ya kevanta ne ga wanda iyalansa ba sa wajen masallaci mai alfarma, ku ji tsoron Allah, ku sani haqiqa Allah mai tsananin uquba ne” (Al-baqra : 196).

Abu na biyu : Fansa Don Yin Abin da Aka Hana

1 – Fansar sanya xinkakken kaya, rufe kai, sanya turare, aske gashin kai, yanke farce. Abubuwa ne guda uku, mutum zai zavi xaya :

A – Azumin kwana uku.

B – Ciyar da miskinai guda shida, kowane miskini rabin sa’i na abinci.

C – Yanka akuya ko tunkiya

Dalili shi ne faxin Allah Maxaukakin Sarki : “Kada ku aske kawunanku har sai hadaya ta isa wurinta. Wanda yake mara lafiya a cikinku ko kuma yana da wata cuta a kansa, to fansarsa azumi ko sadaka ko kuma yanka” (Al-baqra : 196).

Da faxin Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ga Ka’abu xan Ujra a yayin da yake cikin ihrami, ya ce masa “Qwarqwatar kanka tana cutar da kai” [Muslim ne ya rawaito shi]

sai ya ce, “eh” sai Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ya ce masa : “Ka aske kanka, ka yanka akuya/tunkiya, ko kuma ka yi azumi uku, ko ka ciyar da mudu uku na dabino ga miskinai shida”

Duk wanda ya aikata abin da aka hana a aikin hajji, waxanda aka ambata guda biyar da gangan, ko kuma ya buqaci aikata abin, kamar yadda ya faru ga Ka’abu – Allah ya yarda da shi – to zan yi fansa, ana kiranta fansar cuta.

Wanda ya aikata abubuwan da hana a bisa mantuwa to babu komai a kansa.

Sanya Xinkakken Abu

Rufe kai da wani abin da zai mannu da kan

Turare

Aski Ko Saisaye

Yanke farcen Hannu

2 – Fansar Rungumar Ba ta Kai Farji Ba. Da Saduwa Da Mace Bayan Cire Ihrami Na Farko

Wannan ma fansarsa, kamar fansar cuta ce da ta gabata.

3 – Fansar Saduwa Da Mace A Hajji Kafin Fita Daga Ihrami Na Farko

Ita ne yanka raqumi, idan bai samu ba, to azumin kwana uku a wurin aikin hajji, bakwai kuma idan ya dawo wurin iyalansa, hajjinsa ya lalace, kuma ya wajaba ya rama shi a shekara mai zuwa.

4 – Fansar Saduwa Da Mace A Umara

Akuya ce ko tunkiya, umararsa ta vace, kuma zai ramata

5 – Fansar Kashe Farauta

Idan dabbar da ya kashe tana da kwatankwacinta, to sai a bashi zavi tsakanin fitar da irinta, ko kuma a qimanta masa ita da dirhami, ya sayi abinci ya raba shi a mudu-mudu, kowane miskini mudu biyu, ko kuma ya yi azumi a madadin kowane mudu biyu [Mudu biyu, shi ne rabin sa’i, ya yi daidai da 1020 giram] kwana xaya.

Abin da ake nufi da farautar tana da kwatankwaci shi ne, dabbar da ta yi kama da ita, ko ta yi kusa da ita, amma ba a nufin kamarta ba komai da komai, saboda wani abu ne da ba zai yiwu ba.

Misali : Da zai kama jimina, to raqumi ya wajaba a kansa, saboda jimina ta yi kama da raqumi, ko kuma a yi mata qima, ya sayi abinci da kuxin, shinkafa ko alkama, ya ciyar da kowane miskini mudu biyu, ko kuma ya yi azumi xaya a madadin kowanne mudu.

Da kuma zai farauci jakin dawa to zai bada saniya, haka dai.

Idan dabbar babu kamarta a cikin dabbobin gida, kamar fara da tsuntsu, to yana da zavin ya sayi abinci na qimarsa ya ciyar da miskinai, ko kuma ya yi azumi xaya a madadin kowanne mudu. Mutane biyu adalai waxanda suke da qwarewa su ne za su yi qimar.

- Lokacin Bada Fansa

Fansa tana wajaba ne yayin da aka samu dalilin yin ta, idan fansa ce saboda barin abin da aka hana, to tana wajaba ne da zarar an aikata abin, idan kuwa saboda barin wajibi ne, to lokacin da ya bar abin.

Abu na biyu : Hadaya

Bayanin Mece ce Hadaya

Hadaya

Ita ce abin da ake kaiwa harami na dabbobin ni'ima

Akuya/Tunkiya

Raqumi

Ire-Iren Hadaya

1 – Hadayar Tamattu’i Da Qirani

Hadaya ta wajaba a kan mai tamattu’i da qirani, ita ce akuya da raqumi, idan bai samu ba to ya yi azumin kwana goma, uku a aikin hajji, bakwai idan ya koma gida wurin iyalansa.

Wannan ga wanda yake iyalansa ba sa cikin Makkah, idan kuwa suna Makkah to babu komai a kansa, babu azumi.

Saboda faxin Allah Maxaukakin Sarki : “Duk wanda ya yi tamattu’i da umara zuwa hajji, to zai bada abin da ya sauwaqa na hadaya. Wanda bai samu ba, to ya yi azumin kwana uku a hajji, bakwai idan ya dawo, kwana goma kenan daidai, wannan ga wanda iyalansa ba sa masallacin harami”. (Al-baqra : 196).

2 – Hadayar Taxauwa’i

Ita ce dabbar hadayar da mai ifradi ko mai umara yake sadaukarwa don neman lada. Hakanan dabbar da mai tamattu’i da qirani ya qara a kan hadayarsa ta wajibi, ko kuma abin da wanda ba mai ihrami ba zai aika Makkah don a yanka masa saboda neman yardar Allah.

Hadayar taxauwa’i da ta mai tamattu’i da qirani ya halatta mai hadayar ya ci daga gareta, kai mustahabbi ne ma ya ci daga hadayar taxauwa’i, saboda aikin Annabi ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) yayin da “Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ya yi umarni da a xau tsoka xaya daga kowace dabba a dafa, ya sha romonta” [Bukhari ne ya rawaito shi]

3 – Hadayar Wanda Aka Tsare

Tsarewa shi ne hana mutum cika aikin hajjinsa ko umararsa, ko gabaxaya hajji da umara. Duk wanda ya yi haramar aikin hajji ko umara, sai wani abokin gaba ya hana shi shiga xakin Allah, ko kuma wani haxari ya same shi,

ya kasa isa xakin Allah, to zai yanka hadayarsa a wurin da yake, sannan ya cire ihraminsa, saboda faxin Allah Maxaukakin Sarki : “Idan an tsareku to abin da ya sauwaqa daga hadaya”.(Al-baqra :196).

Hadayar da ake yanka wa saboda tsarewa ita ce, Akuya ko raqumi ko saniya.

Wurin Da Ake Yanka Hadaya

Hadayar mai tamattu’i da qirani da ta sa kai, ana yanka ta a cikin iyakokin harami, a rabata ga miskinai, idan ya yanka ta a wajen iyakokin harami ba ta wadatar ba.

Hadayar tsarewa ana yanka ta a wurin da aka tsare mutum.

Lokacin Yanka Hadaya

1 – Hadayar Mai Tamattu’i Da Qirani Da taxauwa’i

Lokacinta yana farawa daga bayan sallar idi, ranar sallah, zuwa faxuwa ranar qarshen kwanakin yanyana, ita ce ranar sha uku ga watan zul-hijja.

2 – Hadayar Tsarewa

Lokacinta shi ne yayin da aka tsare mutum