Q 1: Allah (Glorified and Exalted be He) says:
Verily, We have sent it (this Qur’ân) down in the night of Al-Qadr (Decree).
The Prophet (peace be upon him) informed us that Laylat-ul-Qadr (the Night of Decree) is (Part No. 3; Page No. 61) sought during the last ten days of Ramadan, when he said:
Look for it (Laylat-ul-Qadr) during the last ten (nights).
Taking this into account, why do some people say that the Qur'an was revealed on the 17th night of Ramadan?
A:
The Qur'an as a whole was sent down to Bayt Al-`Izzah (the House of Glory) in the lowest heaven during Laylat-ul-Qadr in Ramadan. Allah (Exalted be He) says:
The month of Ramadan in which was revealed the Qur’ân, a guidance for mankind
He (Exalted be He) also says:
Verily, We have sent it (this Qur’ân) down in the night of Al-Qadr (Decree).
Then the Qur'an was revealed to the Prophet (peace be upon him) in portions according to the situations and conditions throughout twenty-three years. It is related by
Imam Ahmad, according to his Sanad (chain of narrators), on the authority of
Wathilah ibn Al-Asqa` (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
Allah sent down the scriptures of Ibrahim on the first night of Ramadan, the Tawrah (Torah) on the sixth night, the Injil (Gospel) on the thirteenth night, and the Qur'an on the twenty-fourth night.
It is also related by
Al-Bukhari on the authority of
Ibn `Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
Look for it (Laylat-ul-Qadr) during the last ten (nights); on (Part No. 3; Page No. 62) the night when nine, seven or five nights remain out of the last ten nights (i.e. 21, 23, 25, respectively).
In addition, it is related in the Sahih (authentic) Book of Hadiths by
Muslim that it was revealed on the 27th night of Ramadan.
Some opinions hold that Laylat-ul-Qadr is the 17th night of Ramadan, since it was the day when the early Muslims fought the Battle of Badr. It is related by
Abu Dawud in his "Sunan", on the authority of
Ibn Mas`ud (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
Look for it (Laylat-ul-Qadr) on the 17th night of Ramadan.
However, this Hadith is debatable because its Sanad contains
Hakim ibn Sayf. The soundest opinion is that Laylat-ul-Qadr is sought during the last ten nights of Ramadan and preferably the odd ones.May Allah grant us success. May peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and Companions.